Lithuania, officially known as the Republic of Lithuania, is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. It is one of the three Baltic states, along with Latvia to the north and Estonia to the south. Lithuania has a population of approximately 2.8 million people and Vilnius is its capital and largest city.

Lithuania gained independence from the Russian Empire in 1918, but was occupied by both the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany during World War II. It regained its independence in 1990 and joined the European Union in 2004.

Lithuania has a mixed economy with a high-income advanced and technology, and is a member of the Schengen Agreement. The country has a rich cultural heritage, with a strong focus on music, literature, and art.

Lithuania is known for its beautiful landscapes, including forests, lakes, and sandy beaches along the Baltic Sea. The country is also famous for its many historic castles and medieval towns, such as Trakai Island Castle and Vilnius Old Town.

Lithuania has a parliamentary system of government and is a member of various international organizations, including the United Nations, NATO, and the Council of Europe.