Iran, officially known as the Islamic Republic of Iran, is a country in Western Asia, bordered by Armenia, Azerbaijan, Russia, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, and Pakistan to the north, east, and west, and by Turkey and Iraq to the northwest and southwest. It spans 1,648,195 square kilometers (636,372 square miles) and has a population of approximately 83 million people.

Iran is a diverse country with a rich history dating back thousands of years. It was once known as Persia and has been a major center of civilization, culture, and art. Today, Iran is a unique blend of modernity and tradition, with a complex political and social landscape.

The country is known for its significant contributions to art, literature, philosophy, and science. It is also home to many UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including the ancient ruins of Persepolis and the stunning mosques of Isfahan.

Iran plays a crucial role in global politics and economics due to its strategic location and vast reserves of oil and natural gas. The capital city is Tehran, and the official language is Persian.

Iran has a diverse population that includes various ethnic groups, with Shia Islam being the dominant religion. The government is a theocratic republic, with ultimate authority vested in the Supreme Leader, who is the highest political and religious authority in the country.